Fuel cells potentially can deliver many public benefits, but some applications still need to overcome technical barriers before mass market penetration.

This requires sufficient and ambitious fundamental and applied research programmes.

The existing market failure barriers needs to be overcome thanks to:

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  greater private and public funds to enhance the success of projects and create economies of scale
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  risk sharing facilities between public and private sectors, to leverage investment, as current investment risks remain high
  
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  enhanced coordination and synchronisation of technology, infrastructure and regulations, codes and standards developments.